P4639 - The Global and Regional Burden of Liver Cancer Due to Alcohol Use From 1980 to 2021: Insights from the 1980-2021 GBD Study

Muhammad Tayyab Anwar, MD¹, Muhammad Talha Shaukat, MBBS², Wania Rehman, MBBS², Muhammad Shahzaib, MBBS², Rija Siddiqui, MBBS³, Aqeeb Ur Rehman, MD², Aleenah Mohsin, MD⁴, Sibgha Farooq, MBBS⁵, Muhammad Bilal Ibrahim, MD¹, Muhammad Shahzil, MD^6
1John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL; ²King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan; ³Ziauddin University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan; ⁴Brown University / Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI; ⁵University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan; ⁶Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA

Introduction: Liver cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors globally, significantly contributing to cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Chronic alcohol consumption is strongly linked to progressive liver disease, leading to hepatic cirrhosis and an increased risk of liver cancer. Analyzing the global and regional trends of alcohol-related liver cancer is crucial for developing effective public health strategies.

Methods: Data on alcohol-related liver cancer was extracted from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2021 study, including age-standardized death rates (ASDR), Years of Life Lost (YLL), and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) from 1980 to 2021. The data were stratified by continent, socio-demographic index (SDI), and World Bank income classifications. The Joinpoint Regression Program was used to assess trends and calculate average annual percentage changes (AAPC).

Results: Globally, the ASDR for liver cancer due to alcohol use exhibited a steady trend from 1980 to 2021. The ASDR increased from 0.92 (95% CI: 0.72-1.14) in 1980 to 1.06 in 2021 (AAPC: 0.37% ;95% CI: 0.35-0.39). DALYs experienced an overall AAPC of 0.18% (95% CI: 0.15-0.22) from 1990 to 2021, with notable increases between 2006 and 2009 (Annual Percentage change (APC): 1.16%, 95% CI: 0.01-1.44)), interspersed with periods of decline. Similarly, YLLs had an overall AAPC of 0.21% (95% CI: 0.19-0.23) from 1980-2021, marked by significant rises from 1986-1995 (APC: 1.20%, 95% CI: 1.11-1.32). In continent-wise analysis, North America had the highest ASDR increase with an AAPC of 1.93% (95% CI: 1.89-1.97) while Europe had an overall increase with an AAPC of 0.82% (95% CI: 0.79-0.85). Asia showed moderate fluctuations, but the overall AAPC was non-significant. Africa displayed a decreasing trend with an AAPC of -0.12% (95% CI: -0.14 to -0.10), despite some periods of increase. Liver cancer due to alcohol use showed the highest and increasing ASDRs in high SDI regions and high income level countries.

Discussion: The findings show a rise in liver cancer attributed to alcohol use in North America and Europe, reflecting increasing alcohol consumption in these regions. In contrast, Asia showed varying trends, and Africa showed an overall decline in death rates. These regional disparities underscore the need for targeted health interventions to reduce alcohol-related liver cancer burden in high-income regions.



Disclosures:


Muhammad Tayyab Anwar, MD¹, Muhammad Talha Shaukat, MBBS², Wania Rehman, MBBS², Muhammad Shahzaib, MBBS², Rija Siddiqui, MBBS³, Aqeeb Ur Rehman, MD², Aleenah Mohsin, MD⁴, Sibgha Farooq, MBBS⁵, Muhammad Bilal Ibrahim, MD¹, Muhammad Shahzil, MD⁶. P4639 - The Global and Regional Burden of Liver Cancer Due to Alcohol Use From 1980 to 2021: Insights from the 1980-2021 GBD Study, ACG 2024 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Philadelphia, PA: American College of Gastroenterology.