P1916 - Does an Altered Gut Microbiome Increase Risk of GI and Non-GI Malignancies? Insights From the National Inpatient Sample

Suriya Baskar, MD¹, Anuj R. Sharma, MBBS¹, Chaula Desai, MD¹, Saigopal R. Gujjula, MD¹, Sweta Lohani, MBBS, MD¹, Rodrigo Hernandez, MD², Jeeva Jaganathan, MD¹, Anush Vasikaran, MD^3
1Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY; ²SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY; ³Mount Sinai Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY

Introduction: The lining of the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is inhabited by trillions of microorganisms, commonly referred to as the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome plays an extensive role in human health including maintaining metabolism and regulating immune homeostasis. Studies have shown that dysregulation in this flora may lead to the development of malignancies such as colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study is to assess the correlation between an altered gut flora and progression of both GI and non-GI cancers.

Methods: The National Inpatient Sample was queried between 2016-2020 for all adult patients with altered gut flora, defined by history of gastrointestinal/bariatric surgeries, history of clostridium difficile infection, inflammatory bowel disease, and long-term antibiotic use. Rates of various cancers were compared between this cohort and all other patients utilizing chi-squared tests. Binary logistic regressions were utilized to calculate odds ratios of developing the various cancers, adjusted for age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and smoking status.

Results: A total of 7,758,168 hospitalizations with altered gut flora were identified. Our study showed that neuroendocrine tumors were more common in gut flora alterations (adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) 1.38; p-value< 0.001), as were hepatobiliary (adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) 1.04; p-value< 0.001) and lung (adjusted Odds Ratio (OR) 1.03; p-value< 0.001) cancers. Higher odds of leukemia (adjusted OR 1.68 (1.67 - 1.70); p-value 0.000) and lymphoma (adjusted OR 1.39 (1.37 - 1.41); p-value 0.000) were also observed in admissions with altered gut flora. Interestingly, no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of CNS cancers based on alterations of the gut microbiome (adjusted OR 0.96 (0.93 - 1.0); p-value< 0.001).

Discussion: Our study shows that conditions altering the gut flora are associated with increased odds of GI as well as non-GI malignancies, suggesting a more intricate role of the gut microbiome in regulating tumor cell proliferation. Early improvement of gut health and restoration of the gut flora may prove beneficial to high risk patients.


Disclosures:


Suriya Baskar, MD¹, Anuj R. Sharma, MBBS¹, Chaula Desai, MD¹, Saigopal R. Gujjula, MD¹, Sweta Lohani, MBBS, MD¹, Rodrigo Hernandez, MD², Jeeva Jaganathan, MD¹, Anush Vasikaran, MD³. P1916 - Does an Altered Gut Microbiome Increase Risk of GI and Non-GI Malignancies? Insights From the National Inpatient Sample, ACG 2024 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Philadelphia, PA: American College of Gastroenterology.