P3206 - Association Between Celiac Disease and Risk of Kidney Diseases: A Meta-Analysis

Sawai Singh Rathore, MBBS¹, Saifullah Syed, MBBCh², Bijay Mukesh Jeswani, MBBS³, Hairya Ajaykumar Lakhani, MBBS⁴, Tirath Daishikbhai Patel, MS⁵, Tahera Ahmadi, MD⁶, Anjiya Aswani, MD⁷, Meghana Kakarla, MD^8
1Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India; ²Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; ³GCS Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; ⁴SBKS Medical Institute and Research Center, Vadodara, Gujarat, India; ⁵American University of Antigua, Osbourn, Saint John, Antigua and Barbuda; ⁶Herat University, Bagh Morad, Herat, Afghanistan; ⁷Ross University School of Medicine, Miramar, FL; ⁸Infirmary Health, Mobile, AL

Introduction: Celiac disease (CD), an autoimmune disorder, has been linked to various extraintestinal manifestations, including chronic kidney disease. This meta-analysis investigates the association between celiac disease and the risk of kidney disease.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies up to March 31, 2024, using predefined eligibility standards, including observational studies reporting on CD and kidney diseases. The random effect model calculated the pooled prevalence and associated 95% confidence interval (CI). Besides, random-effects models were used to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to report the overall effect size. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NCOS), which categorizes bias risk as low, moderate, or high. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's regression and Begg's rank correlation tests.

Results: Nine studies encompassing 2,022,686 patients were included in the final analysis. The pooled prevalence of any kidney disease, glomerulonephritis, and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in CD patients was 2.29% (95% CI 1.34-3.49), 1.31% (95% CI 0.52-2.47) and 1.55% (95% CI 0.11 to 4.59), respectively. Furthermore, CD was associated with a significantly higher risk of developing any kidney disease (OR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.48–2.65) and glomerulonephritis (OR = 2.68, 95% CI 1.54 to 4.66) as well as ESRD (OR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.32 to 5.03). According to NCOS, most studies were of high or moderate quality. According to Egger's regression and Begg's rank correlation tests, all analyses were free of publication bias.

Discussion: Our findings confirm an elevated risk of various kidney diseases, including glomerulonephritis and end-stage renal disease, in CD patients. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring renal function, early diagnosis, and managing CD to mitigate potential kidney damage. Future research should prioritize investigating the mechanisms underlying this association. Additionally, research should explore targeted interventions, including dietary modifications or medications, to prevent or delay the onset of renal complications in CD patients.



Disclosures:


Sawai Singh Rathore, MBBS¹, Saifullah Syed, MBBCh², Bijay Mukesh Jeswani, MBBS³, Hairya Ajaykumar Lakhani, MBBS⁴, Tirath Daishikbhai Patel, MS⁵, Tahera Ahmadi, MD⁶, Anjiya Aswani, MD⁷, Meghana Kakarla, MD⁸. P3206 - Association Between Celiac Disease and Risk of Kidney Diseases: A Meta-Analysis, ACG 2024 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Philadelphia, PA: American College of Gastroenterology.