P2217 - Burden of Esophageal Cancer Attributable to Smoking in the United States and Its Trend from 1990-2021: A Benchmarking Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Award: Presidential Poster Award

Sravani Bhavanam, MBBS, MD¹, Janmay Vala, MBBS², Adan Irfan, MBBS³, Saifullah Syed, MBBCh⁴, Vishwesh Patel, MBBS⁵, George Mathew Mukalil, MD⁶, Mohit Lakkimsetti, MBBS⁷, Lalitkumar Patel, MBBS⁸, Ashwinikumar Shandilya, MBBS⁹, Bhargav Koyani, MD¹⁰, Juhi R. Patel, MBBS¹¹, Vishrant P. Amin, MBBS¹², Hardik Dineshbhai. Desai, MBBS^13
1One Brooklyn Health-Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY; ²Terna Medical College, Boisar, Maharashtra, India; ³Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan; ⁴Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; ⁵M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India; ⁶Central Michigan University, Saginaw, MI; ⁷Mamata Medical College, Khammam, Telangana, India; ⁸Suburban Medical Center, Schaumburg, IL; ⁹Rural Medical College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India; ¹⁰Saint Francis Hospital, Evanston, Evanston, IL; ¹¹GMERS Medical College and Hospital Valsad, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; ¹²GMERS Medical College Valsad, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; ¹³Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Sciences, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

Introduction: Esophageal cancer (EC) ranks as the tenth leading cause of death in the United States. Among various modifiable risk factors, smoking is identified as the primary contributor to the burden of EC. Despite the increasing burden, there is a scarcity of comprehensive and consistent data on the impact of smoking on EC in the United States. This pioneering study estimates the burden of EC attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2021, including the initial two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, a period that presented significant challenges in managing non-COVID-19 health issues.

Methods: Utilizing the Global Burden of Disease 2021 tool, we estimated deaths, years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) due to esophageal cancer (EC) attributable to smoking in the United States from 1990 to 2021. Our findings are presented in both absolute counts and age-standardized rates (ASR) (per 100,000), disaggregated by age, sex, year, and location.

Results: The total number of deaths from EC attributable to smoking rose from 6,708 (95% uncertainty interval: 5,350-7,955) in 1990 to 9,973 (7,531-12,487) in 2021. The total percentage change (TPC) in the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) was highest in West Virginia at 17%, followed by Oklahoma at 14%, while the District of Columbia saw the largest decrease at 54% over the same period. Regarding the rate of years lived with disability (YLDs), West Virginia also showed the highest TPC increase at 17%. In terms of years of life lost (YLLs), the greatest increase was 15% in West Virginia. Age-wise, the highest number of deaths was observed in the 70–74-year age group with 1,933 deaths (1,450-2,384), while the highest DALYs were recorded in the 65–69-year age group at 43,927 (34,392-53,051) in 2021. Regarding gender, males exhibited a consistently higher burden compared to females, with TPC increases in deaths (57% vs. 14%), YLDs (62% vs. 26%), and YLLs (42% vs. 5%) from 1990 to 2021.



Discussion: Deaths due to EC attributable to smoking accounted for 46.73% of all EC related deaths in US in 2021. Utilizing e-health and m-health technologies can significantly amplify preventive efforts by providing personalized support and real-time intervention for smoking cessation. Such digital tools enable scalable, cost-effective solutions that can broadly target high-risk populations and reduce the incidence and mortality associated with esophageal cancer.



Disclosures:


Sravani Bhavanam, MBBS, MD¹, Janmay Vala, MBBS², Adan Irfan, MBBS³, Saifullah Syed, MBBCh⁴, Vishwesh Patel, MBBS⁵, George Mathew Mukalil, MD⁶, Mohit Lakkimsetti, MBBS⁷, Lalitkumar Patel, MBBS⁸, Ashwinikumar Shandilya, MBBS⁹, Bhargav Koyani, MD¹⁰, Juhi R. Patel, MBBS¹¹, Vishrant P. Amin, MBBS¹², Hardik Dineshbhai. Desai, MBBS¹³. P2217 - Burden of Esophageal Cancer Attributable to Smoking in the United States and Its Trend from 1990-2021: A Benchmarking Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, ACG 2024 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Philadelphia, PA: American College of Gastroenterology.