P2878 - Cumulative Social Risk Exposure and Risk of Lean MASLD in U.S. Adults: NHANES 2017-2020

Sarpong Boateng, MD, MPH¹, Prince A. Ameyaw, MD¹, Amita Kasar, MD², Basile Njei, MD^3
1Yale New Haven Health, Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, CT; ²Poplar Bluff Regional Medical Center, Poplar Bluff, MO; ³Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

Introduction: A higher cumulative social risk (CSR), defined as simultaneous exposure to multiple social risk factors over a lifetime, has been associated with increased risks of metabolic syndrome, and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, no studies have investigated the association between CSR and the development of MASLD in lean individuals. Thus, this study aims to investigate the association between cumulative social risk and MASLD status among lean individuals using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2020.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using NHANES data from 2017-2020. The study population included lean adults (BMI < 23 for Non-Hispanic Asians and BMI < 25 for other ethnicities) aged ≥20 years. CSR was categorized into four levels (0, 1, 2, 3+) based on the presence of adverse social factors: low income, low education, minority racial/ethnic status, and single-living status. MASLD status was determined among lean participants. Survey-weighted logistic regression models were used to assess the association between CSR and MASLD, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities.

Results: Of the total 1,707 participants, 46.2% had a CSR score of 1, 23.1% had a score of 2, and 5.7% had a score of 3+. Participants with higher CSR scores were younger (mean ± SD: CSR 0 = 47.0 ± 20.79 years, CSR 1 = 43.2 ± 19.95 years, CSR 2 = 44.0 ± 19.31 years, CSR 3+ = 44.7 ± 17.81 years) and had higher rates of tobacco smoking (CSR 0 = 11.5%, CSR 1 = 15.1%, CSR 2 = 29.4%, CSR 3+ = 35.7%)and lower HDL cholesterol (mean ± SD: CSR 0 = 62.5 ± 16.47 mg/dL, CSR 1 = 61.2 ± 17.21 mg/dL, CSR 2 = 61.3 ± 19.06 mg/dL, CSR 3+ = 58.4 ± 16.09 mg/dL). Adjusted logistic regression model revealed that compared to individuals with no CSR, those with CSR levels 1 (OR=5.55, 95% CI: 1.69-18.18, p=0.009) and 3+ (OR=14.55, 95% CI: 2.11-100.12, p=0.011) had higher odds of developing lean MASLD.

Discussion: Higher CSR is associated with an increased risk of MASLD among lean adults. This association underscores the importance of considering social determinants in the prevention and management of MASLD among lean patients. Targeted interventions addressing social disparities could play a crucial role in mitigating the risk of lean MASLD in socially disadvantaged populations


Disclosures:


Sarpong Boateng, MD, MPH¹, Prince A. Ameyaw, MD¹, Amita Kasar, MD², Basile Njei, MD³. P2878 - Cumulative Social Risk Exposure and Risk of Lean MASLD in U.S. Adults: NHANES 2017-2020, ACG 2024 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Philadelphia, PA: American College of Gastroenterology.