P2913 - A Comparative Study on the Age-Standardized Incidence and Mortality Rates of Cirrhosis and Other Chronic Liver Disease in the U.S. and Nigeria From 1990-2019: Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Ooreoluwa Fasola, MD¹, Godfrey Tabowei, MD^2
1Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center - Permian Basin, Odessa, TX; ²Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Odessa, TX

Introduction: Chronic liver disease (CLD) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in both the USA and Nigeria, however trends in the etiologies of liver diseases in the USA and Nigeria are different. We aim to analyze the age-standardized (ASR) incidence and mortality rates of cirrhosis and other CLD with its various etiologies in Nigeria and the United States.

Methods: We extracted data on ASR incidence and mortality of cirrhosis and other CLD in Nigeria and the United States from 1990 – 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease Study. Time trends, reported as average annual percent change (AAPC) and annual percent change (APC) for both Nigeria and the United States, were estimated using Joinpoint Regression Software.

Results: Overall, there was an increase in ASR incidence of cirrhosis and other CLD from 1990 – 2019 in Nigeria (AAPC: 0.52, P < 0.05) and the United States (AAPC: 0.34, P < 0.05). Nigeria had a significantly increasing rate of new cases of cirrhosis and other CLD due to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) (AAPC: 1.04), hepatitis C (AAPC: 0.80), alcohol (AAPC: 0.60), hepatitis B (AAPC: 0.15) and other causes (AAPC: 0.71). Meanwhile, the USA had a significant increase in ASR incidence due to hepatitis C (AAPC: 1.18) and MASLD (AAPC: 0.74), alongside a significant decline in ASR incidence due to alcohol (AAPC: - 0.36), hepatitis B (AAPC: -1.96), and other causes (AAPC: -0.36). Regarding ASR mortality, Nigeria had a significant decrease between 1990 – 2019 (AAPC: -0.91, P < 0.05), with the most significant decline in the period 2012-2016 (APC -3.41). USA had a significant increase in ASR mortality (AAPC: 0.20, P < 0.05), with the most significant increase during the period 2010-2016 (APC: 1.11). Nigeria had a significant decrease in ASR mortality due to alcohol (AAPC: -0.79), hepatitis B (AAPC: -1.20), hepatitis C (AAPC: -0.68), MASLD (AAPC: -0.46) and other causes (AAPC: -0.59). However, the USA saw a significant decrease in ASR mortality due to alcohol (AAPC: -0.20) and other causes (AAPC: -0.18) but a significant increase in ASR mortality due to MASLD (AAPC: 0.31).

Discussion: Liver cirrhosis and other CLDs continue to pose a significant health challenge in both countries, mainly due to MASLD and hepatitis C. Interventions should focus on promoting healthy lifestyles and expanding access to early detection and treatment, targeting MASLD and hepatitis C in both countries.


Disclosures:


Ooreoluwa Fasola, MD¹, Godfrey Tabowei, MD². P2913 - A Comparative Study on the Age-Standardized Incidence and Mortality Rates of Cirrhosis and Other Chronic Liver Disease in the U.S. and Nigeria From 1990-2019: Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, ACG 2024 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Philadelphia, PA: American College of Gastroenterology.